No State Shall
No State shall
enter into any Treaty.
No State shall
enter into any alliance.
No State shall
enter into any Confederation.
No State shall
grant Letters of Marque or Reprisal.
No State shall
coin money.
No State shall
emit Bills of Credit.
No State shall
make any Thing but Gold and Silver Coin a Tender in Payment of Debts.
No State shall
pass any Bill of Attainder.
No State shall
pass any ex post facto Law.
No State shall
pass any Law impairing the obligation of Contracts.
No State shall
grant any Title of Nobility.
No State shall
without the consent of Congress, lay any Imposts or Duties on Imports or
Exports, except what may be absolutely necessary for executing its inspection
laws: and the net Produce of all duties and Imposts, laid by any State on
Imports or Exports, shall be for the Use of the Treasury of the United States
and all such laws shall be subject to the revision and control of Congress.
No State shall,
without the Consent of Congress; (1) Lay any duty of Tonnage (2) Keep Troops or
ships of War in time of peace; (3) Enter into any agreement compact with
another State; (4) Enter into any agreement or Compact with a foreign Power.
No State shall
without the Consent of Congress engage in War, unless actually invaded, or in
such imminent Danger as will not admit of delay.
No State shall
make or enforce any law, which shall abridge the “Un-a-lien-able rights” of
“People” of the United States.
No State shall
make or enforce any law which shall abridge the Immunities of “People” of the
United States.
No State shall deprive
any ”People” of life, liberty, or property, without due process of law.
No State shall
deny to any “People” within its jurisdiction the equal protection of the laws.
These are
prohibitions upon the activity of the States.
A State cannot directly
take any step in any degree to directly invade or violate any of these
provisions.
A State cannot
lend its aid in any degree to any “person” or corporation to effectuate a
violation of these absolute prohibitions indirectly or obliquely lest a mockery
be made of the Constitution of the United States. A more serious and obvious
question arises.
Can the
Legislative Branch or the Executive Branch or the Judicial Branch of the
Government of the United States authorize a State to invade the absolute
prohibitions against the States expressly set out in the Constitution, or are
the three departments of the U.S. Government incompetent to authorize such an
invasion? The answer is obvious.
The “absolute
prohibitions” in the Constitution of the United States are “impregnable.”
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